Nnuadewa yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho wɔ mfiridwuma mu, na wɔn su no nya nnwinnade ahobammɔ ne ahotoso so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na nuts adu gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ no ho no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a emu yɛ den. Saa asɛm yi kyerɛkyerɛ nut nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe a edi mũ no mu kɔ akyiri, efi nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma so kosi nneɛma a wɔawie so.
1. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ .
Appearance inspection yɛ anammɔn a edi kan wɔ nut nhwehwɛmu mu, titiriw no, ɛhwehwɛ asase ani sɛ ebia sintɔ ahorow wɔ hɔ anaa. Nhwehwɛmu no bi ne:
Mpaapaemu, nsensanee, ne burrs: Hwɛ nut no ani wɔ aniwa so anaasɛ fa ahwehwɛ a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse hwɛ na hwɛ hu sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw na mpaapaemu anaa mfiri agyiraehyɛde biara nni mu.
Asaawa no mudi mu kura: Hwɛ asaawa no mu hwɛ sɛ edi mũ, ɛsõ a ayera, ne sẽ a aporɔw, anaa asaawa a ɛne ne ho nhyia anaa.
Dimensional consistency: Mfiase no hwɛ nut no mu hwɛ sɛ hexagon (anaasɛ nsusuwii foforo) no yɛ pɛ na deformation a ɛho hia biara nni mu.
2. Nsusuwii susudua .
Nuts no dimensional accuracy no nya wɔn fit ne bolts so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ, enti nnwinnade titiriw a wɔde susuw nneɛma ho hia ma nhwehwɛmu:
Akyi ntwemu, ne mu ntwemu, ne ne kɛse: fa caliper anaa micrometer susuw nut no akyi ntwemu, emu asaawa no ntwemu, ne ne nyinaa mu kɛse na ama woahwɛ ma wɔadi gyinapɛn ahorow so (te sɛ ISO, DIN, ne GB).
Thread Parameters: Fa thread gauge (GO/NO{0}}GO gauge) hwɛ sɛ thread profile, pitch, ne diameter no di ahwehwɛde ahorow no so anaa.
Hexagonal/square across-flat dimensions: Wɔ hexagonal nuts ho no, susuw kwan a ɛfa flats no ho na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛne wrench no bɛyɛ pɛ.
3. Thread nhwehwɛmu .
Asaawa no yɛ nut no mu ade titiriw, na ɛma ne nhwehwɛmu no ho hia titiriw:
GO/NO-Kɔ gauge sɔhwɛ: fa kɔ (kɔ) na no-kɔ gauge hwɛ thread no mu hwɛ sɛ conformance. Ɛsɛ sɛ go gauge no tumi skru yiye, bere a ɛnsɛ sɛ No-GO gauge no yɛ adwuma koraa.
Thread Profile Inspection: Fa thread profiler susu parameters te sɛ thread profile angle ne pitch deviation. Eyi fata ma akyɛde a ɛkorɔn-precision ahwehwɛde ahorow.
Thread Hardness Testing: Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɔ asaawa a wɔde nhama ayɛ no den hwɛ na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛho ayɛ den na ayɛ den.
4. Hardness sɔhwɛ .
Sɛnea nut bi yɛ den no nya ahoɔden a ɛma ɛyɛ den ne ɔbrɛ a ɛko tia no so nkɛntɛnso. Wɔtaa de akwan a edidi so yi di dwuma:
Rockwell hardness tester (HRB/HRC): ɛfata carbon steel ne alloy steel nuts de susuw soro den.
Brinell Hardness Tester (HB): Ɛfata ma nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (te sɛ kɔbere ne aluminium nnuaba), a ɛsɔ den nyinaa kyekyɛ hwɛ.
Vickers Hardness Tester (HV): Ɛfata ma nketewa anaa teateaa-walled nuts, a ɛma mpɔtam hardness data a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.
5. Mfiridwuma mu agyapade ho sɔhwɛ .
Nnuadewa su a ɛwɔ nnuaba mu no nya wɔn adesoa no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ-bearing tumi. Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔtaa yɛ no bi ne:
Tensile Ahoɔden Sɔhwɛ: Sɔ adesoa a ɛsen biara-bearing tumi a ɛwɔ nut ase a wɔde tensile sɔhwɛ afiri di dwuma.
Adanseɛ adesoa sɔhwɛ: Adesoa pɔtee bi a wɔde di dwuma sɛdeɛ gyinapɛn teɛ (te sɛ ISO 898) de sɔ plastic deformation hwɛ wɔ nut no mu.
Torque Testing: Torque a wɔde di dwuma bere a wɔrekyekyere nut no mu denneennen na wɔresan ayɛ no de hwɛ hu sɛ ɛne nhyiam ahwehwɛde ahorow hyia.
6. Surface treatment sɔhwɛ (sɛ ɛfata a) .
Sɛ wɔde aduru a ɛwɔ soro te sɛ zinc plating, nickel plating, anaa phosphating ayɛ nut no a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo:
Coating thickness: Fa coating thickness gauge di dwuma, hwɛ sɛ coating no di ahwehwɛde ahorow so (sɛ nhwɛso no, zinc plating taa yɛ kɛse anaasɛ ɛne 5μm yɛ pɛ).
Corrosion resistance testing: Wɔnam nkyene a wɔde petepete so sɔhwɛ so na ɛsɔ nkannare ano aduru hwɛ (sɛ nhwɛso no, 5% NaCl solution, nnɔnhwerew 48-96).
Adhesion Testing: Hwɛ sɛ coating no wɔ adhesion na esiw detachment ano anaa.
7. Nsɔhwɛ a ɛnsɛe ade (sɛ ɛho hia a) .
Wɔ nnuaba a ahobammɔ ho ahwehwɛde a ɛkorɔn wom ho (te sɛ ahunmu ne kar mu nneɛma a ɛho hia) no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ saa:
Magnetic particle testing (MT): Ɛhu ɔfasuo no ani anaa ɛbɛn-asase so mpaapaemu.
Ultrasonic Testing (UT): Ɛhu emu sintɔ te sɛ shrinkage cavities ne inclusions.
x{0}}RAY Testing (RT): Ɛfata sɛ wɔde hwehwɛ nuts a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no mu nhyehyɛe mu.
8. Nhwehwɛmu a etwa to ne nea wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho .
Sɛ wowie sɔhwɛ ahorow no nyinaa a, nnuaba a ɛfata no fa nea edidi so yi mu:
sampling re-Nhwehwɛmu: Random sampling by batch de hwɛ hu sɛ ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Agyiraehyɛde ne nea wotumi hwehwɛ: Nsɛm te sɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu, batch, ne sɔhwɛ da a wɔde hyɛ nkyerɛwde so no ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobetumi ahwehwɛ nneɛma a ɛfata mu.
Rust Prevention and Packaging: Wɔyɛ rust prevention treatment (sɛ nhwɛso no, oiling) sɛnea ɛho hia, na wɔde nsu- ne shock-ɛko tia nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma.
Awie
NUT nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe no fa nneɛma pii ho, a nea ɛka ho ne sɛnea ɛte, ne kɛse, ne nhama, ne den, ne ne mfiridwuma mu nneɛma, de hwɛ hu sɛ ahobammɔ ne ahotoso wɔ nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma yiye mu. Nut ahwehwɛde ahorow betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu (te sɛ adansi, kar, ne wimhyɛn), nanso nhwehwɛmu gyinapɛn a emu yɛ den da so ara yɛ ade titiriw a ɛbɛma wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛyɛ papa.
